【線(xiàn)上云德】疫情期間律師說(shuō)（一百零二）┃ 商業(yè)活動(dòng)中的刑事風(fēng)險(xiǎn)—企業(yè)融資過(guò)程中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防控

企業(yè)成立伊始，就直接關(guān)系到“錢(qián)”的問(wèn)題，“錢(qián)”是企業(yè)存在的前提和基礎(chǔ)，也是其存在的目的。近年來(lái)，浙江東陽(yáng)吳某案（涉案金額8億元）、西安某高校案（涉案金額數(shù)十億）等一個(gè)個(gè)案例，給我們敲響了警鐘，我們必須重視民間融資中的法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范問(wèn)題。

Since the establishment of an enterprise, it is directly related to the issue of "Money". "Money" is the premise and basis for the existence of an enterprise, and also the purpose of its existence. In recent years, the Wu case in Dongyang, Zhejiang Province (Involving a sum of 800 million Yuan), the case of a University in Xi'an (Involving a sum of billions of Yuan) and other cases have sounded the alarm to us, and we must pay attention to the prevention of legal risks in private financing.

企業(yè)融資過(guò)程中如何有效防控刑事風(fēng)險(xiǎn)呢？首先要堅(jiān)決避免打非法集資的“擦邊球”；如果融資沒(méi)有明確用途，本來(lái)作為項(xiàng)目投資的款項(xiàng)用于個(gè)人揮霍或者非法盈利，就可能涉及刑事犯罪了。

How to effectively prevent and control criminal risks in the process of enterprise financing? First of all, we must resolutely avoid the "Sideswipe" of illegal fund-raising. If the financing is not clearly used, the money that would otherwise have been invested in the project could be used for personal consumption or illegal profits, which could be a criminal offence.

其次，要建立健全企業(yè)法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理機(jī)制。圍繞企業(yè)利益最大化，要運(yùn)用科學(xué)的管理方法構(gòu)建企業(yè)法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范機(jī)制，比如產(chǎn)權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)部管理制度、合同管理、對(duì)外重大投資、企業(yè)用工等風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范體系。

Secondly, it is necessary to establish and improve the enterprise legal risk management mechanism. In order to maximize the interests of enterprises, a scientific management method should be used to construct a legal risk prevention mechanism for enterprises, such as property rights structure, internal management system, contract management, major foreign investment, enterprise employment and other risk prevention systems.

再者，要定期委托第三方對(duì)企業(yè)進(jìn)行“體檢”。定期體檢，也就是對(duì)企業(yè)進(jìn)行法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估，通過(guò)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估，律師能及時(shí)把企業(yè)可能存在的問(wèn)題披露出來(lái)，引起注意并作出相應(yīng)的決策，有利于企業(yè)家安心商業(yè)運(yùn)作，走向更大的成功。

Furthermore, the third party should be entrusted to carry out the "Legal Examination" to the enterprise on a regular basis. Regular physical examination is to evaluate the legal risk of the enterprise. Through the risk assessment, the lawyer can timely disclose the possible problems of the enterprise, attract attention and make corresponding decisions, which is conducive to the entrepreneur's peace of mind in business operation and greater success。

最后，企業(yè)家還應(yīng)當(dāng)與律師成為真正的合作伙伴，在作出重要決策前聽(tīng)取律師建議，把經(jīng)營(yíng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降到最低。

Finally, entrepreneurs should also become real partners with lawyers and take their advice before making important decisions to minimise business risks.

陳冬杰，法學(xué)碩士。云德律所黨總支委員、秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)、刑事辯護(hù)部和土地業(yè)務(wù)法律事務(wù)部首席律師。西北政法大學(xué)行政法學(xué)院實(shí)務(wù)導(dǎo)師，西北大學(xué)法律碩士實(shí)務(wù)導(dǎo)師，陜西省行政法學(xué)研究會(huì)理事、陜西省法學(xué)會(huì)能源法學(xué)研究會(huì)理事。西安市長(zhǎng)安區(qū)人民檢察院涉檢信訪(fǎng)律師庫(kù)專(zhuān)家成員、西安市精神衛(wèi)生中心倫理委員會(huì)委員、蓮湖區(qū)、灞橋區(qū)、臨潼區(qū)等多家政府法律顧問(wèn)。

Chen Dongjie, Master of Laws. Member ofthe General Party Branch and Secretary General of Yunde Law Firm, Chief Lawyerof the Criminal Defense Department and the Land Business Legal Department.Practical Tutor of Northwest University of Politics and Law School ofAdministration, Practical Tutor of Master of Law of Northwest University,Director of Shaanxi Administrative Law Research Association, Director of EnergyLaw Research Association of Shaanxi Law Association. Xi'an Chang'an DistrictPeople's Procuratorate is an expert member of the petition lawyer database, amember of the Ethics Committee of Xi'an Mental Health Center, and a number ofgovernment legal advisers such as Lianhu District, Baqiao District and Lintong District.